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In 1880, Pierre Curie discovered the phenomenon of piezoelectricity.
He found that quartz crystals produced electricity when pressure
is applied. Later, he discovered that the reverse was also true.
The crystals deform and vibrate when an external electrical charge
is applied to it.
About
40 years, Walter Guyton Cady invented the first quartz crystal
resonator in 1821. Cady discovered that a quartz crystal connected
to a variable-frequency electronic oscillator would vibrate strongly
at a very specific frequency, but that at other frequencies it
would not vibrate at all. In this way, the quartz crystal resonator
actually controlled the frequency of the oscillating circuit.
Cady quickly realized that this circuit could be used as a frequency
standard. Cady observed that the cut and shape of the crystal
affects the frequency of the resonator that was independent of
temperature variations, making the resonator very stable.
Seiko
produced the first commercially available quartz watch in 1969.
These watched had analog dials and sold for 450 000 Yen (USD$1250).
It was the Seiko 35 SQ Astron. It utilized a quartz oscillator
that oscillates at a frequency of 8192 cycles per second. Seiko
claimed that it was accurate to within about 5 seconds a month,
a minute a year.
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Links
to:
Watch Home |History
of Japanese Watch | Shop online | Eco-Drive Watch | Retail Outlets | Other
Useful Links | Free
Newsletter
Links
to Japanese Watch Brands:
Alba |
Citizen | Casio
G-Shock| Casio | Seiko
| Pulsar |Lorus|
|
